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London Average Temperature vs Global Temperature Anomaly
London Average Temperature and Global Temperature Anomaly correlate at r = +0.74 over 66 years (1960–2025), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.19. Likely spurious (shared time trend).
Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to 0.19 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.
- Pearson r
- +0.74
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 66 (1960–2025)
- 95% confidence interval
- 0.61 to 0.83
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- +0.19
Sources
- London Average Temperature (°C): Open-Meteo (ERA5). Annual mean 2m air temperature for London from the ERA5 reanalysis.
- Global Temperature Anomaly (°C vs 1901–2000): NOAA NCEI. Annual global land and ocean surface temperature departure from the 1901–2000 average (NOAA NCEI).
Related pairs
- Atmospheric CO₂ (Mauna Loa) vs Global Temperature Anomaly (r = +0.97)
- Global Temperature Anomaly vs US GDP per Capita (r = +0.97)
- Global Temperature Anomaly vs US GDP (current US$) (r = +0.96)
- Global Temperature Anomaly vs US Population (r = +0.95)
- Global Temperature Anomaly vs US Cereal Yield (r = +0.94)
- Global Temperature Anomaly vs Atmospheric Methane (global) (r = +0.94)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.