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US Dollar to British Pound vs US CO₂ Emissions per Capita
US Dollar to British Pound and US CO₂ Emissions per Capita correlate at r = -0.75 over 26 years (1999–2024), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = -0.29. Likely spurious (shared time trend).
Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to -0.29 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.
- Pearson r
- -0.75
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 26 (1999–2024)
- 95% confidence interval
- -0.88 to -0.51
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- -0.29
Sources
- US Dollar to British Pound (GBP per USD): Frankfurter (ECB). Annual mean US Dollar to British Pound exchange rate (European Central Bank reference rates).
- US CO₂ Emissions per Capita (tonnes): World Bank. US CO₂ Emissions per Capita (World Bank indicator EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5).
Related pairs
- US CO₂ Emissions per Capita vs US CO₂ Emissions per Capita (r = +0.97)
- US Renewable Energy Share vs US CO₂ Emissions per Capita (r = -0.97)
- US Wind Power Generation vs US CO₂ Emissions per Capita (r = -0.95)
- US CO₂ Emissions per Capita vs US Population Aged 65+ (r = -0.94)
- US Federal Debt Outstanding vs US CO₂ Emissions per Capita (r = -0.94)
- US CO₂ Emissions per Capita vs US Health Expenditure (r = -0.93)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.