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US Dollar to British Pound vs US Resident Patent Applications
US Dollar to British Pound and US Resident Patent Applications correlate at r = +0.44 over 23 years (1999–2021), p = 0.037. With the time trend removed, r = -0.41. Direction flips without the trend.
Verdict: Direction flips without the trend. The raw correlation is 0.44, but once each series' time trend is removed it becomes -0.41. The year-to-year movements run the opposite way to the long-run trends, so the headline number is misleading.
- Pearson r
- +0.44
- p-value
- 0.037
- Years compared (n)
- 23 (1999–2021)
- 95% confidence interval
- 0.03 to 0.72
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- -0.41
Sources
- US Dollar to British Pound (GBP per USD): Frankfurter (ECB). Annual mean US Dollar to British Pound exchange rate (European Central Bank reference rates).
- US Resident Patent Applications (applications): World Bank. US Resident Patent Applications (World Bank indicator IP.PAT.RESD).
Related pairs
- US Mobile Subscriptions vs US Resident Patent Applications (r = +0.99)
- US Adult Obesity vs US Resident Patent Applications (r = +0.98)
- US Resident Patent Applications vs US Population (r = +0.98)
- Atmospheric CO₂ (Mauna Loa) vs US Resident Patent Applications (r = +0.97)
- US GDP per Capita vs US Resident Patent Applications (r = +0.97)
- US GDP (current US$) vs US Resident Patent Applications (r = +0.97)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.