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Global Temperature Anomaly vs US R&D Expenditure
Global Temperature Anomaly and US R&D Expenditure correlate at r = +0.80 over 28 years (1996–2023), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.08. Likely spurious (shared time trend).
Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to 0.08 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.
- Pearson r
- +0.80
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 28 (1996–2023)
- 95% confidence interval
- 0.61 to 0.90
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- +0.08
Sources
- Global Temperature Anomaly (°C vs 1901–2000): NOAA NCEI. Annual global land and ocean surface temperature departure from the 1901–2000 average (NOAA NCEI).
- US R&D Expenditure (% of GDP): World Bank. US R&D Expenditure (World Bank indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS).
Related pairs
- Atmospheric CO₂ (Mauna Loa) vs Global Temperature Anomaly (r = +0.97)
- Global Temperature Anomaly vs US GDP per Capita (r = +0.97)
- Global Temperature Anomaly vs US GDP (current US$) (r = +0.96)
- Atmospheric Methane (global) vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
- Global Temperature Anomaly vs US Population (r = +0.95)
- US Wind Power Generation vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.