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US Alcohol Consumption vs US Urban Population

US Alcohol Consumption and US Urban Population correlate at r = +0.58 over 21 years (2000–2020), p = 0.0060. With the time trend removed, r = +0.20. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = 0.0060) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = 0.20). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
+0.58
p-value
0.0060
Years compared (n)
21 (2000–2020)
95% confidence interval
0.20 to 0.81
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.20

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.