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US CO₂ Emissions per Capita vs US Resident Patent Applications

US CO₂ Emissions per Capita and US Resident Patent Applications correlate at r = -0.60 over 42 years (1980–2021), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = -0.02. Interpret with caution.

Verdict: Interpret with caution. Much of the apparent link is driven by a shared time trend: r falls from -0.60 to -0.02 once the trend is removed.

Pearson r
-0.60
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
42 (1980–2021)
95% confidence interval
-0.77 to -0.36
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.02

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.