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US Electricity Generation vs US R&D Expenditure
US Electricity Generation and US R&D Expenditure correlate at r = +0.67 over 28 years (1996–2023), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = -0.30. Direction flips without the trend.
Verdict: Direction flips without the trend. The raw correlation is 0.67, but once each series' time trend is removed it becomes -0.30. The year-to-year movements run the opposite way to the long-run trends, so the headline number is misleading.
- Pearson r
- +0.67
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 28 (1996–2023)
- 95% confidence interval
- 0.40 to 0.84
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- -0.30
Sources
- US Electricity Generation (TWh): Our World in Data. US Electricity Generation (Our World in Data: Total electricity).
- US R&D Expenditure (% of GDP): World Bank. US R&D Expenditure (World Bank indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS).
Related pairs
- US Electricity Generation vs US Infant Mortality (r = -0.97)
- Atmospheric Methane (global) vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
- US Electricity Generation vs US Median Age (r = +0.95)
- US Electricity Generation vs US Rural Population (r = -0.95)
- US Electricity Generation vs US Urban Population (r = +0.95)
- US Wind Power Generation vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.