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US Fertility Rate vs US Marriage Rate

US Fertility Rate and US Marriage Rate correlate at r = +0.25 over 88 years (1933–2022), p = 0.019. With the time trend removed, r = -0.36. Direction flips without the trend.

Verdict: Direction flips without the trend. The raw correlation is 0.25, but once each series' time trend is removed it becomes -0.36. The year-to-year movements run the opposite way to the long-run trends, so the headline number is misleading.

Pearson r
+0.25
p-value
0.019
Years compared (n)
88 (1933–2022)
95% confidence interval
0.04 to 0.44
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.36

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.