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US Fertility Rate vs US Renewable Energy Share

US Fertility Rate and US Renewable Energy Share correlate at r = -0.55 over 59 years (1965–2023), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = -0.10. Interpret with caution.

Verdict: Interpret with caution. Much of the apparent link is driven by a shared time trend: r falls from -0.55 to -0.10 once the trend is removed.

Pearson r
-0.55
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
59 (1965–2023)
95% confidence interval
-0.71 to -0.35
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.10

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.