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US Solar Energy Consumption vs US Rural Population

US Solar Energy Consumption and US Rural Population correlate at r = -0.34 over 43 years (1983–2025), p = 0.027. With the time trend removed, r = +0.80. Direction flips without the trend.

Verdict: Direction flips without the trend. The raw correlation is -0.34, but once each series' time trend is removed it becomes 0.80. The year-to-year movements run the opposite way to the long-run trends, so the headline number is misleading.

Pearson r
-0.34
p-value
0.027
Years compared (n)
43 (1983–2025)
95% confidence interval
-0.58 to -0.04
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.80

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.