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US Birth Rate vs US CO₂ Emissions per Capita

US Birth Rate and US CO₂ Emissions per Capita correlate at r = +0.85 over 55 years (1970–2024), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.30. Interpret with caution.

Verdict: Interpret with caution. Much of the apparent link is driven by a shared time trend: r falls from 0.85 to 0.30 once the trend is removed.

Pearson r
+0.85
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
55 (1970–2024)
95% confidence interval
0.75 to 0.91
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.30

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.