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US Electricity Use per Capita vs US Urban Population

US Electricity Use per Capita and US Urban Population correlate at r = +0.65 over 35 years (1990–2024), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.88. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = < 0.0001) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = 0.88). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
+0.65
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
35 (1990–2024)
95% confidence interval
0.40 to 0.81
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.88

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.