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US Exports vs US Rural Population

US Exports and US Rural Population correlate at r = -0.85 over 55 years (1970–2024), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = -0.30. Likely spurious (shared time trend).

Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to -0.30 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.

Pearson r
-0.85
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
55 (1970–2024)
95% confidence interval
-0.91 to -0.75
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.30

Sources

Related pairs

Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.