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US Female Labor Force Participation vs US Population Aged 65+

US Female Labor Force Participation and US Population Aged 65+ correlate at r = -0.63 over 36 years (1990–2025), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = -0.56. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = < 0.0001) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = -0.56). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
-0.63
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
36 (1990–2025)
95% confidence interval
-0.79 to -0.38
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.56

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.