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US Health Expenditure vs US Rural Population

US Health Expenditure and US Rural Population correlate at r = -0.56 over 24 years (2000–2023), p = 0.0048. With the time trend removed, r = -0.57. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = 0.0048) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = -0.57). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
-0.56
p-value
0.0048
Years compared (n)
24 (2000–2023)
95% confidence interval
-0.78 to -0.20
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.57

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.