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US Infant Mortality vs US R&D Expenditure
US Infant Mortality and US R&D Expenditure correlate at r = -0.80 over 28 years (1996–2023), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.68. Direction flips without the trend.
Verdict: Direction flips without the trend. The raw correlation is -0.80, but once each series' time trend is removed it becomes 0.68. The year-to-year movements run the opposite way to the long-run trends, so the headline number is misleading.
- Pearson r
- -0.80
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 28 (1996–2023)
- 95% confidence interval
- -0.90 to -0.61
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- +0.68
Sources
- US Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births): World Bank. US Infant Mortality (World Bank indicator SP.DYN.IMRT.IN).
- US R&D Expenditure (% of GDP): World Bank. US R&D Expenditure (World Bank indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS).
Related pairs
- US Electricity Generation vs US Infant Mortality (r = -0.97)
- US Nuclear Power Generation vs US Infant Mortality (r = -0.97)
- US Adult Obesity vs US Infant Mortality (r = -0.97)
- US Infant Mortality vs US Life Expectancy (r = -0.96)
- US Infant Mortality vs US Internet Users (r = -0.96)
- US Internet Usage vs US Infant Mortality (r = -0.96)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.