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US Inflation Rate vs US Urban Population

US Inflation Rate and US Urban Population correlate at r = -0.33 over 65 years (1960–2024), p = 0.0074. With the time trend removed, r = -0.26. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = 0.0074) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = -0.26). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
-0.33
p-value
0.0074
Years compared (n)
65 (1960–2024)
95% confidence interval
-0.53 to -0.09
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.26

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.