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London Average Temperature vs US Annual CO₂ Emissions
London Average Temperature and US Annual CO₂ Emissions correlate at r = +0.51 over 65 years (1960–2024), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = -0.08. Likely spurious (shared time trend).
Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to -0.08 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.
- Pearson r
- +0.51
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 65 (1960–2024)
- 95% confidence interval
- 0.31 to 0.67
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- -0.08
Sources
- London Average Temperature (°C): Open-Meteo (ERA5). Annual mean 2m air temperature for London from the ERA5 reanalysis.
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions (tonnes): Our World in Data. US Annual CO₂ Emissions (Our World in Data: Annual CO₂ emissions).
Related pairs
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Meat Consumption per Person (r = +0.91)
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Oil Consumption (r = +0.90)
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US CO₂ Emissions per Capita (r = +0.88)
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Infant Mortality (r = -0.88)
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Military Expenditure (r = -0.88)
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Health Expenditure (r = -0.87)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.