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London Average Temperature vs US Annual Working Hours per Worker
London Average Temperature and US Annual Working Hours per Worker correlate at r = -0.50 over 64 years (1960–2023), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.23. Likely spurious (shared time trend).
Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to 0.23 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.
- Pearson r
- -0.50
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 64 (1960–2023)
- 95% confidence interval
- -0.66 to -0.29
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- +0.23
Sources
- London Average Temperature (°C): Open-Meteo (ERA5). Annual mean 2m air temperature for London from the ERA5 reanalysis.
- US Annual Working Hours per Worker (hours): Our World in Data. US Annual Working Hours per Worker (Our World in Data: Working hours per worker).
Related pairs
- US Annual Working Hours per Worker vs US Health Expenditure (r = -0.89)
- US Annual Working Hours per Worker vs US Infant Mortality (r = +0.89)
- US Annual Working Hours per Worker vs Worldwide Major Earthquakes (M5+) (r = -0.89)
- US Annual Working Hours per Worker vs US Life Expectancy (r = -0.87)
- US Fertility Rate vs US Annual Working Hours per Worker (r = +0.87)
- US Annual Working Hours per Worker vs US Forest Area (r = -0.83)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.