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London Average Temperature vs US Forest Area
London Average Temperature and US Forest Area correlate at r = +0.34 over 34 years (1990–2023), p = 0.048. With the time trend removed, r = -0.39. Direction flips without the trend.
Verdict: Direction flips without the trend. The raw correlation is 0.34, but once each series' time trend is removed it becomes -0.39. The year-to-year movements run the opposite way to the long-run trends, so the headline number is misleading.
- Pearson r
- +0.34
- p-value
- 0.048
- Years compared (n)
- 34 (1990–2023)
- 95% confidence interval
- 0.00 to 0.61
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- -0.39
Sources
- London Average Temperature (°C): Open-Meteo (ERA5). Annual mean 2m air temperature for London from the ERA5 reanalysis.
- US Forest Area (% of land): World Bank. US Forest Area (World Bank indicator AG.LND.FRST.ZS).
Related pairs
- US Forest Area vs US Mobile Subscriptions (r = +0.98)
- US Forest Area vs US Resident Patent Applications (r = +0.97)
- US Adult Obesity vs US Forest Area (r = +0.97)
- US Forest Area vs US Population (r = +0.97)
- Atmospheric CO₂ (Mauna Loa) vs US Forest Area (r = +0.95)
- US Adolescent Birth Rate vs US Forest Area (r = -0.94)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.