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London Average Temperature vs US Secondary School Enrollment
London Average Temperature and US Secondary School Enrollment correlate at r = +0.52 over 35 years (1971–2022), p = 0.0012. With the time trend removed, r = -0.09. Likely spurious (shared time trend).
Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to -0.09 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.
- Pearson r
- +0.52
- p-value
- 0.0012
- Years compared (n)
- 35 (1971–2022)
- 95% confidence interval
- 0.23 to 0.73
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- -0.09
Sources
- London Average Temperature (°C): Open-Meteo (ERA5). Annual mean 2m air temperature for London from the ERA5 reanalysis.
- US Secondary School Enrollment (% gross): World Bank. US Secondary School Enrollment (World Bank indicator SE.SEC.ENRR).
Related pairs
- US Infant Mortality vs US Secondary School Enrollment (r = -0.85)
- US Wind Power Generation vs US Secondary School Enrollment (r = +0.79)
- US Median Age vs US Secondary School Enrollment (r = +0.78)
- US CO₂ Emissions per Capita vs US Secondary School Enrollment (r = -0.78)
- US Nuclear Power Generation vs US Secondary School Enrollment (r = +0.77)
- London Average Temperature vs US GDP per Capita (r = +0.77)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.