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Sydney Average Temperature vs US Cereal Yield

Sydney Average Temperature and US Cereal Yield correlate at r = +0.62 over 64 years (1961–2024), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.21. Interpret with caution.

Verdict: Interpret with caution. Much of the apparent link is driven by a shared time trend: r falls from 0.62 to 0.21 once the trend is removed.

Pearson r
+0.62
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
64 (1961–2024)
95% confidence interval
0.44 to 0.75
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.21

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.