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Tokyo Average Temperature vs US Forest Area

Tokyo Average Temperature and US Forest Area correlate at r = +0.61 over 34 years (1990–2023), p = 1.2e-4. With the time trend removed, r = -0.27. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = 1.2e-4) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = -0.27). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
+0.61
p-value
1.2e-4
Years compared (n)
34 (1990–2023)
95% confidence interval
0.34 to 0.79
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.27

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.