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US Alcohol Consumption vs US R&D Expenditure
US Alcohol Consumption and US R&D Expenditure correlate at r = +0.81 over 21 years (2000–2020), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.25. Likely spurious (shared time trend).
Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to 0.25 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.
- Pearson r
- +0.81
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 21 (2000–2020)
- 95% confidence interval
- 0.57 to 0.92
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- +0.25
Sources
- US Alcohol Consumption (litres/person): Our World in Data. US Alcohol Consumption (Our World in Data: Alcohol consumption).
- US R&D Expenditure (% of GDP): World Bank. US R&D Expenditure (World Bank indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS).
Related pairs
- Atmospheric Methane (global) vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
- US Wind Power Generation vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
- US Population Aged 65+ vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
- US Alcohol Consumption vs US Median Age (r = +0.94)
- US Solar Energy Consumption vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.94)
- US Federal Debt Outstanding vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.94)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.