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US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Fertility Rate
US Annual CO₂ Emissions and US Fertility Rate correlate at r = -0.58 over 91 years (1933–2023), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = -0.14. Interpret with caution.
Verdict: Interpret with caution. Much of the apparent link is driven by a shared time trend: r falls from -0.58 to -0.14 once the trend is removed.
- Pearson r
- -0.58
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 91 (1933–2023)
- 95% confidence interval
- -0.70 to -0.42
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- -0.14
Sources
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions (tonnes): Our World in Data. US Annual CO₂ Emissions (Our World in Data: Annual CO₂ emissions).
- US Fertility Rate (children per woman): Our World in Data. US Fertility Rate (Our World in Data: Total fertility rate).
Related pairs
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Meat Consumption per Person (r = +0.91)
- US Fertility Rate vs US Birth Rate (r = +0.91)
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Oil Consumption (r = +0.90)
- US Fertility Rate vs US R&D Expenditure (r = -0.89)
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US CO₂ Emissions per Capita (r = +0.88)
- US Annual CO₂ Emissions vs US Infant Mortality (r = -0.88)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.