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US Coal Consumption vs US Forest Area
US Coal Consumption and US Forest Area correlate at r = -0.67 over 34 years (1990–2023), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.23. Likely spurious (shared time trend).
Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to 0.23 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.
- Pearson r
- -0.67
- p-value
- < 0.0001
- Years compared (n)
- 34 (1990–2023)
- 95% confidence interval
- -0.82 to -0.43
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- +0.23
Sources
- US Coal Consumption (TWh): Our World in Data. US Coal Consumption (Our World in Data: Coal).
- US Forest Area (% of land): World Bank. US Forest Area (World Bank indicator AG.LND.FRST.ZS).
Related pairs
- US Forest Area vs US Mobile Subscriptions (r = +0.98)
- US Forest Area vs US Resident Patent Applications (r = +0.97)
- US Adult Obesity vs US Forest Area (r = +0.97)
- US Forest Area vs US Population (r = +0.97)
- Atmospheric CO₂ (Mauna Loa) vs US Forest Area (r = +0.95)
- US Adolescent Birth Rate vs US Forest Area (r = -0.94)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.