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US Energy Use per Capita vs US Cereal Yield

US Energy Use per Capita and US Cereal Yield correlate at r = -0.39 over 60 years (1965–2024), p = 0.0019. With the time trend removed, r = -0.33. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = 0.0019) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = -0.33). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
-0.39
p-value
0.0019
Years compared (n)
60 (1965–2024)
95% confidence interval
-0.59 to -0.16
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.33

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.