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US Homicide Rate vs US Annual Working Hours per Worker

US Homicide Rate and US Annual Working Hours per Worker correlate at r = +0.38 over 31 years (1990–2023), p = 0.034. With the time trend removed, r = -0.26. Likely spurious (shared time trend).

Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to -0.26 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.

Pearson r
+0.38
p-value
0.034
Years compared (n)
31 (1990–2023)
95% confidence interval
0.03 to 0.65
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.26

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.