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US Cereal Yield vs US Rural Population

US Cereal Yield and US Rural Population correlate at r = -0.93 over 64 years (1961–2024), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.02. Likely spurious (shared time trend).

Verdict: Likely spurious (shared time trend). Both series mostly just trend over time. After removing that trend the correlation collapses to 0.02 — the relationship is probably coincidental, not causal.

Pearson r
-0.93
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
64 (1961–2024)
95% confidence interval
-0.96 to -0.89
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.02

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.