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US Female Labor Force Participation vs US Forest Area

US Female Labor Force Participation and US Forest Area correlate at r = -0.47 over 34 years (1990–2023), p = 0.0048. With the time trend removed, r = -0.34. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = 0.0048) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = -0.34). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
-0.47
p-value
0.0048
Years compared (n)
34 (1990–2023)
95% confidence interval
-0.70 to -0.16
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.34

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.