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US GDP (current US$) vs US Infant Mortality

US GDP (current US$) and US Infant Mortality correlate at r = -0.78 over 65 years (1960–2024), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.91. Direction flips without the trend.

Verdict: Direction flips without the trend. The raw correlation is -0.78, but once each series' time trend is removed it becomes 0.91. The year-to-year movements run the opposite way to the long-run trends, so the headline number is misleading.

Pearson r
-0.78
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
65 (1960–2024)
95% confidence interval
-0.86 to -0.66
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.91

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.