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US Bank Lending Interest Rate vs US R&D Expenditure
US Bank Lending Interest Rate and US R&D Expenditure correlate at r = -0.50 over 26 years (1996–2021), p = 0.0097. With the time trend removed, r = +0.33. Direction flips without the trend.
Verdict: Direction flips without the trend. The raw correlation is -0.50, but once each series' time trend is removed it becomes 0.33. The year-to-year movements run the opposite way to the long-run trends, so the headline number is misleading.
- Pearson r
- -0.50
- p-value
- 0.0097
- Years compared (n)
- 26 (1996–2021)
- 95% confidence interval
- -0.74 to -0.14
- Correlation with the time trend removed
- +0.33
Sources
- US Bank Lending Interest Rate (%): World Bank. US Bank Lending Interest Rate (World Bank indicator FR.INR.LEND).
- US R&D Expenditure (% of GDP): World Bank. US R&D Expenditure (World Bank indicator GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS).
Related pairs
- Atmospheric Methane (global) vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
- US Wind Power Generation vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
- US Population Aged 65+ vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.95)
- US Solar Energy Consumption vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.94)
- US Federal Debt Outstanding vs US R&D Expenditure (r = +0.94)
- US Coal Consumption vs US R&D Expenditure (r = -0.93)
Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.