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US Fertility Rate vs US Exports

US Fertility Rate and US Exports correlate at r = -0.35 over 54 years (1970–2023), p = 0.010. With the time trend removed, r = -0.00. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = 0.010) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = -0.00). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
-0.35
p-value
0.010
Years compared (n)
54 (1970–2023)
95% confidence interval
-0.56 to -0.09
Correlation with the time trend removed
-0.00

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.