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Arctic Sea Ice Extent (September) vs US Annual Working Hours per Worker

Arctic Sea Ice Extent (September) and US Annual Working Hours per Worker correlate at r = +0.64 over 45 years (1979–2023), p < 0.0001. With the time trend removed, r = +0.33. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = < 0.0001) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = 0.33). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
+0.64
p-value
< 0.0001
Years compared (n)
45 (1979–2023)
95% confidence interval
0.42 to 0.78
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.33

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.