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US Coal Consumption vs US Agriculture Value Added

US Coal Consumption and US Agriculture Value Added correlate at r = +0.61 over 25 years (1997–2021), p = 0.0012. With the time trend removed, r = +0.16. Interpret with caution.

Verdict: Interpret with caution. Much of the apparent link is driven by a shared time trend: r falls from 0.61 to 0.16 once the trend is removed.

Pearson r
+0.61
p-value
0.0012
Years compared (n)
25 (1997–2021)
95% confidence interval
0.28 to 0.81
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.16

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.