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Sunspot Number vs US Inflation Rate

Sunspot Number and US Inflation Rate correlate at r = +0.41 over 65 years (1960–2024), p = 7.6e-4. With the time trend removed, r = +0.38. Holds up after detrending.

Verdict: Holds up after detrending. Statistically significant (p = 7.6e-4) and the association survives trend removal (detrended r = 0.38). Correlation still isn't causation, but this one isn't an obvious artifact.

Pearson r
+0.41
p-value
7.6e-4
Years compared (n)
65 (1960–2024)
95% confidence interval
0.18 to 0.59
Correlation with the time trend removed
+0.38

Sources

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Correlation does not imply causation. How the verdict is worked out.